Highlights of water-saving irrigation methods! Common water-saving irrigation methods in China include canal anti-seepage, sprinkler irrigation, micro-sprinkler irrigation, infiltration irrigation and drip irrigation.

They are all artificially controlled irrigation time and irrigation volume, belonging to the "passive" irrigation mode. Israel's drip irrigation technology is recognized as the best water-saving irrigation technology currently available, and China has made great progress since its introduction in the late 1970s. However, in order to achieve smaller irrigation flows and long-distance laying, drip irrigation sprinklers need to continuously reduce the size of the flow path, which is conducive to blocking the flow path and is difficult. First of all, river channel reverse osmosis river channel water delivery is the main water delivery method for agricultural irrigation in my country.

Conventional earth pipe systems usually have a water use coefficient of 0.4-0.5, with a difference of only 0.3, which is most of the leakage and evaporation losses. Channel seepage is the main aspect of water loss in farmland irrigation. After adopting waterway reverse osmosis technology, the water use coefficient of the canal can be increased from 0.6 to 0.85, which is 50-70% higher than the original earth canal. The anti-seepage of the canal also has the advantages of rapid water supply for agricultural production, such as rushing the season and saving land. This is one of the main means of water-saving irrigation in China.

The main benefits of sprinkler irrigation are:

1. The water-saving effect is good, and the water-saving rate can reach 80%. Generally, compared with surface irrigation, 1m3 of water can be used as 2m3 of water.

2. The increase in yield is large, generally reaching 20%-40%. The reason is that agricultural channels, capillaries, field irrigation ditches and abolition, the planting area has increased by 15%-20%, and the irrigation is uniform, without soil compaction, which will help protect the season and seedlings. That is, the improvement of the field microclimate and agriculture is the ecological environment.

3. The workload of field channel construction and management, maintenance and land leveling is greatly reduced.

4. Farmers "reduce irrigation costs and labor, and increase income".

5. It is beneficial to accelerate the realization of agricultural mechanization, industrialization and modernization.

6. Avoid secondary soil salinization caused by excessive irrigation. Commonly used sprinkler irrigations are pipeline type, translation type, center support type, reel type, small and light unit type.

(1) Mobile pipe sprinkler irrigation can reduce investment because the main water distribution pipe can usually be buried underground, while the field branch pipe and sprinkler nozzle can be disassembled, moved and used. Thousands of grain fields in Shunyi County, Beijing use this water-saving irrigation method. After more than ten years of practice, in addition to general sprinkler irrigation, the only advantage is water saving, increased yield, labor saving, reduced the burden on farmers, and promoted agricultural mechanization, industrialization, modernization, etc. It has the advantages of simple equipment, simple operation and low investment. Its advantage is that it can strongly adapt to the size and shape of the field and can be used for single households or shared households. At present, it is a micro-sprinkler irrigation that is more suitable for China's national conditions and can be actively promoted. Suitable for field crops and vegetables. 200-250 yuan.

(2) Fixed pipe sprinkler irrigation Fixed pipe sprinkler irrigation has high irrigation efficiency and is easy to manage by installing fixed pipes and sprinklers in the field. It is suitable for irrigation of vegetables, fruit trees, and cash crops. However, the investment is high (the investment per mu is generally around 1,000 yuan), which is not helpful for mechanized agriculture.

(3) Center pivot type and large translation sprinklers can only walk within the specified range. The walking area must be free of high obstacles and the ground must be flat. Advanced mechanization and automation technology is suitable for large farms and large farmlands. Using domestic equipment, the investment per mu is 300-400 yuan.

(4) The reel sprinkler is driven by the water pressure in the moving pipe and drives the walking movement. Compared with the center pivot and translation large sprinklers, it is flexible and suitable for large and small fields, and requires less capital investment per mu. At present, the investment per mu of imported equipment is about 50 yuan. After the equipment is localized, you can further reduce the investment. It can be applied to field crops and vegetables in the form of sprinkler irrigation suitable for China's national conditions and development prospects. There are two types of reel sprinklers, spray gun type and rack type. The latter has the advantages of better atomization and lower energy consumption. Lightweight small unit sprinkler irrigation that can be lifted by hand or mounted on a cart or tractor has the advantages of strong mobility, strong adaptability and low price. It is usually used for drought-resistant sprinkler irrigation in small fields with an investment of 100-200 yuan per mu.

Micro-spraying is a new form of micro-sprinkler irrigation. This is to supply water and local irrigation through micro-sprinkling using plastic pipes. Compared with ordinary sprinkler irrigation, it has higher water-saving efficiency, can increase production by more than 30%, improve the microclimate in the field, and improve the efficiency of combining fertilizers with chemical fertilizers. The investment in household equipment is generally around 500-800 yuan. It is mainly used for irrigation of fruit trees, cash crops, flowers, lawns, greenhouses, etc.

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